云南地处北半球低纬度高原地带，其特殊的地理位置和复杂的地形地貌孕育了云南丰富的生物多样性。生物多样性是人类赖以生存和发展的基础，是衡量一个国家生态环境质量和生态文明程度的重要标志。生物标本馆是妥善长久保藏生物资源的场所，是开展分类学、系统演化、生物多样性保护的关键基础和重要条件。我国建有各类标本资源保藏机构近600家，其中381家保藏约2045万份植物标本，中国科学院昆明植物研究所植物标本馆（KUN）作为国内目前第二大植物标本馆，保藏植物标本约172万份。

Yunnan province is located in the low-latitude highland region of the Northern Hemisphere, and its unique geographical location and complex topography give rise to its rich biodiversity. Biodiversity is the foundation upon which human survival and development depend and is an important indicator of a country's ecological environment quality and level of ecological civilization. Biological specimen repositories are places for the proper and long-term preservation of biological resources, serving as a key foundation and essential condition for conducting taxonomy, systematics, and biodiversity conservation. China has nearly 600 institutions that preserve various types of specimen resources, among which approximately 381 institutions house around 20.45 million plant specimens. The Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany (KUN), Chinese Academy of Sciences, as the second largest herbarium in China, preserves approximately 1.72million plant specimens.

生物标本是重要的国家战略资源，象征着国家科技综合实力。